What are the advantages of the American Green Card

1 _ who gets a green card can after 5 years of residence in the United States to apply for US citizenship, and in the next article on the US portal site more broadly about the conditions and requirements for US citizenship will talk.

2 _ Green Card holder is no different than a US citizen in something to him what the American citizen and it is the American citizen without any distinction, however, under the correction in the US election.

3 _ at the end of life period of work and retirement get the person on the rights of pensioners in America without any problem, like American citizens, such as health insurance for retirees in America as well as access to all other life rights

4 _ the person granting the right of permanent residence in the United States and to work freely and legally.

5 _ causing the children of immigrants who obtained a green card Balmadraz America, like the children of the citizens of America.

6 _ the possibility of owning a home or a car or anything as long as this thing is forbidden in America in general.

7 _ Joined any job in America as long as the job holder is not required to be an employee holds an American passport.

8 _ the most beautiful feature the advantages of the American Green Card is to move to live in the advanced society at all levels and to live in one of the best countries in the world to live and stability.

Do not let the green card features fool

Of course, the dream of immigration drown out a lot of people think so take advantage of the weak souls owners of weak persons wishing to emigrate to America, to lie to them and stealing their money in various ways point, and we talked before that in a previous article about the ways of the monument for the US lottery I would advise everyone familiarized themselves for this article, note the results of the American lottery only on the official website for the random draw for migration show we are here at the site following the developments in the US lottery permanently and any new about the lottery can be found on the immigration gateway to America on our website.

Insurance definition of life:

Defines insurance as a social system to reduce the risk show him the individual by grouping like-hazards and the distribution of the financial burden on earned on all of the participants have these meanings noble human manifested itself most clearly in the first shapes that are on the basis of which engage in the insurance business, such as associations of burial when the ancient Egyptians and the system securing convoys on my journey of winter and summer when the Arabs.

The emergence of life insurance and its development:

Aattabraltoman on the life of the oldest types of insurance such as insurance Maritime, which is the oldest types of insurance since he was believed on the lives of the ship's captain in the same insurance policy on the ship.

He was known for hundreds of years in some of the country's ancient civilization such as Egypt, China and India that some groups cooperate among themselves to ease what is under its family of need and deprivation upon the death of breadwinners and by providing subsidies and financial aid to members of the bereaved family, but this aid was mostly not enough to compensate financially the family for the loss of a breadwinner as well as where the prejudice to human dignity, therefore turned thinking afterwards to look for a better way to compensate the family for the loss of a breadwinner, and here the idea arose insurance head of the family at death and the first document of the life insurance issued by individuals in London in 1582 on someone's life for another person in the event of his death during the period of 12 months.

In the year 1693 the development of a sports scientists schedule of life Mortality Table This table was used in 1755 in a free secure insurance for life on the basis of the age of the insured at the start of the insurance premiums, and so the latest major development in the life insurance industry.

Insurance was not known in the Arab countries, but late last century and early this century.

Cooperation and life insurance:

The insurance system mainly based on the principles of cooperation and interdependence and solidarity between the individuals involved in the system, which calls for not leaving the individual bad luck that risk come true for him Ana alone under the burden of the loss, but does everyone to contribute to the unsustainable and therefore achieves insurance system a great benefit not only to subscribers but it extends to the whole of society.

Insurance and cares of life cover those types of hazards to the same person, such as death and disability kidney sustained and retirement, which entails achieved was due to the work entirely of income and permanent has recently increased the importance of life insurance as an inevitable result of increasing the relative importance of the component work as a major source, if not only for income in addition to the weakness of family ties and lack of benefits of social insurance systems for providing so much of the advantages achieved when these hazards commensurate with the income that was earned by the individual before achieved.

The advantages of life insurance from socially and economically:

Life insurance is an important factor in the fight against poverty, which results in material loss caused to a person because of the retirement age or death, or complete inability or temporarily as a result of illness or due to an accident. Hence arose the social significance of insurance, insurance as well as works to life on the dissemination of education and facilitation as we find decades-purpose grant children a sufficient guarantee to spend on themselves if died breadwinner who are of school age and the insurance eliminates the anxiety of souls, as guaranteed security for Mstoemien or beneficiaries insurance also cause reassurance to himself.

In economic terms, the life insurance works:

1 - increase production, efficiency and so that reassuring at the same worker or employee so increase its ability to output as the sense of anxiety would weaken the ability of the individual production is affected by the national economy, but a sense of security renders the individual provides for his relaxed mind and this rise sufficiently in production.

2 - Save wealth untapped example capital guarantees to his family in one of the death of one of the general partners and the withdrawal of its share capital by his heirs.

3 - huge capital formation and this is of great importance for the life insurance for the production in particular and the national economy in general.

And thus it can take advantage of this huge accumulated funds of funds for small premiums in many purposes such as to contribute to the establishment of industrial companies or agricultural or commercial or other and has become the role of insurance essential in architecture economic as there is almost no economic project Ham without insurance contributes to the financing of the road directly or indirectly, until he became its prevalence and breadth of its scope in any State a criterion for advancement.

And the importance of insurance in those areas states censored insurance bodies and directed the employment of these huge funds allocated much of it to pay for the needs of public interests, as most countries identified the insurance advantages worked on encouraging various ways exemption premiums resulting from the investment of insurance funds from taxes or reduce the categories and rents about it, and as a protection from abuse gatekeepers companies Oogshha, and protect these companies from entrusting fraud and unfair competition among them.

Also, some countries have made some types of insurance such as compulsory social insurance, which includes insurance against illness, unemployment, disability, old age and death is work-related injuries.

Tax exemptions for life insurance premiums:

Tax law on income included No. 187 of 93 amending some provisions of the Income Tax Act promulgated by Law No. 157 of 81 advantages with regard to the exemptions granted to insurance premiums, which is exempt from tax insurance premiums:

A) the salaries and the like.

B) a non-commercial professions revenues.

C) the general income tax.

Life insurance and religion:

Insurance was not in its current form known to scholars as the imams did not highlight the features of this image is complemented only recently Ksmadtha after it widened transactions at the global level.

Insurance is in the modern image that does not conflict with religion, but we see that religion is called for, as the human long as sheriff insightfully in his order he was required to take a prudent and cautious for the future and the future of his family and leaves himself in aging or if the injury disability or illness, or leaves his children after he died a burden on the people, and he must believe in himself from the threats to his wealth have sometimes come to his entire fortune so he meets his own doom.

          God Almighty in should take caution, he said:

                "O ye who believe!"

          He says that it must guard against the danger in order to avoid damage:

                "Do not throw yourselves into destruction."

These verses conclusive indication that the Islamic religion orders prudent and careful preparation of the equipment and insurance.

Religion and calls for the insurance because it is based on the cooperation and collaboration of great social morals recipe, God said: "Help ye one another in righteousness and piety," Islamic jurisprudence has accepted the idea as a kind of insurance to its principle of ensuring safety.

That the public until early this century in Egypt and Arab countries have learned about the insurance in the modern image that what they know her, and helped by it came in the wake of foreign capital as there was ignorance and inertia in this day and age some surface on the life insurance challenge to the power of God as who can secure life but God, resorted business to Dar al-Ifta Egypt in 1903 and was serving as mufti at the time of the late Imam Mohammed Abdu Istvetonh in the legitimacy of the life insurance and he ruled that this, however, remained some doubt in this insurance due to the perception of this insurance in Incorrect image to not take full Borcanh, characteristics and legal provisions and technical Bossh moral, social and economic advantages.

Insurance is held legally permissible as long as it does not conflict with religion and is based on the legal and technical foundations of sound and achieve these great benefits.

It is worth mentioning that all its pension schemes and social insurance currently in place in most countries, including Islamic countries based on life insurance.

Tips for the insured:

Dear Customer Here are the top tips for choosing an insurance company:

- The presence of branch network covers the Republic to facilitate the payment of insurance premiums throughout.

- Ease procedures when concluding a contract of insurance.

- Ease procedures at maturity (verification risk insured against him).

- The clear knowledge of the obligations and rights for you and your insurance company.

- Offers a variety of insurance coverage in order to achieve a greater chance for you to choose.

- Suitable personal insurance coverage to your circumstance (social, health and physical ..... etc).

- Justice premium.

Questions about insurance:

Why did I buy insurance?

Because insurance and a way to protect you from damages and losses resulting from the risks by transferring the impact of those risks to the insurance company.

What is the difference between a request for insurance, insurance policy?

Insurance request for a preliminary insurance be accepted and can not accept the basis of acceptance of the insurance request is issued (document) is the final insurance contract both parties committed to the insurance company and the insured obligations to the other.

How do you determine the value of the amount of life insurance you need?

Step One: Select the annual expenses

Step Two: as assets owned and total household income

Step Three: Select what you saved by the previous steps and select the amount that you can pay monthly, quarterly or annually.

Step Four: Select the insurance needs of any identified quality of insurance you need, do you need to cover the risk of death? Or the deficit? Does the insurance policy includes a savings component beside the cover of death? What are the insurance period?

Step five: your needs, including floor provided by insurance companies

Step Six: selected document to suit your potential financial

What documents are required when Asaddaralutiqh?

- Order insurance are met

- Picture National ID Card

- To come to the medical center or a certified doctors from the company for a medical examination and the work of medical tests to be insured fasting for at least ten hours

What documents are required when the document entitlement?

Company must be notified at the earliest opportunity may not be the amounts owed exchange only after the response document and its Annexes or the adoption of Pfqdha.

And it must be on the beneficiary to prove his rights to submit to the company:

In case of death of the insured

- Birth certificate of the insured (if it were not made before)

- The official death document to be justified

- A doctor's report as an editor on company forms and the last illness of the insured, or for any other cause of death if the death occurs during the first three years of the start of insurance

- Another outstanding premium delivery

In the case of the insured survive

- Out of the insurance policy and its Annexes or approval from the client in the event of loss Pfqdha

- A birth certificate or any other document birth

- Another outstanding premium delivery

What are the types of documents provided by life insurance companies that?

Individual insurance is available in the market and many of the documents of individual insurance, according to the coverages that meet the needs of the vast majority of insurance clients, including:

1. Temporary insurance covers the risk of death only, is the most basic types of life insurance. , It is a temporary period of time specified 5,10,15,20,25 years. , This insurance has no value to him retracement move is the only protection covers death from any cause. The cost of this insurance is very simple and very high protection.

2. Mixed insurance leads insurance amount in case of death or survival until the end of the insurance benefits the insured as well as the percentage of investments realized by insurers and therefore called insurance with participation in profits. Group insurance means the insurance group of individuals (often working hand in one working), a locking can cover cases of death or survival until a certain age, or both. And be contracted in this insurance is the employer. The agreement on the conditions appropriate and benefits between the contractor and the insurance company in exchange for contributions (premiums) to be paid the contractor to know whether the payment borne by the employee or the employer, or both post and this insurance is considered the employers an added benefit to encourage workers to increase the bid and continue to work.

When are benefits and a life insurance policy exchange?

At maturity the amount of insurance for any of the reasons listed on the document you need in all circumstances to submit a request for the disbursement of entitlements from the insurance company.

What is insurance against personal accidents a long-term?

This type of coverage may be a separate document and stand-alone and often additional coverage on the original documents. According to these contracts the insurance company is liable to pay an amount of money in the case of insured physical injuries produces a direct way of an accident resulting in the death of the insured or his inability to recall, for example: -

1. cover accidental death and extension which doubles the amount of insurance in case of death by accident, and this is always an additional extension on the original document.

2. the performance of the amount of insurance in case of death or permanent total disability if the death occurred or check the deficit immediately after the injury or within a specified period following the date of the incident.

3. performance ratio of the sum insured in case of permanent partial disability.

4. performance of a daily or weekly compensation during the period in which the incident converts between the insured and the performance of normal work in cases of temporary loss of kidney function.

What is a collective health insurance?

Health insurance has become in our time of the basic types of insurance and necessary and which plays an important role in human life and communities and in light of the continuing rise and more significant in the prices of medicines and medical services, it was noted the presence of a strong turnout by the bodies and working in the Egyptian market companies Ali this type of insurance to cover their workers and their families in order to raise those companies and bodies placed upon it for exorbitant medical expenses incurred in treating Mnssobhm ... We would also like to make it clear that health insurance policy include two basic types of insurance coverage as follows:

First, the basic insurance coverages and include

· Insurance coverage within the hospital

Include (hospital accommodation expenses, pay surgeons, doctors, assistants, anesthesia fee, open the operating room, intensive care, the outgoing medicines, medical supplies, ambulance).

· Insurance coverage outside the hospital.

Include (pay doctors and consultants outpatient, medical analysis expenses, physical therapy expenses, medical X-rays of all types of expenses, prescription drugs from doctors outpatient)

Secondly, the additional insurance coverages and include

· Dental expenses.

· Pregnancy and childbirth expenses (natural - Caesarean section).

· Expenses of legal abortion.

· Expenses eyeglasses

Biography [edit]

As the Denbs Jnsasberg born of a Jewish family in Budapest, Hungary, as the first son of Bernat Gnisasberg Waddell Jakobovits, and in 1902 the family got permission to change the surname of Jnsasberg to Jobar, has served with the artillery Hungarian in northern Italy during the First World War, he studied at the Budapest Technical University 1918 since Tmvi Germany in Hamah Charhlotenberg art in Berlin, and at the beginning of his career he analyzed the high-pressure properties using the beam Alcathodel (oscillographs), which led to his interest in Baldoialt electronic, study fundamental processes tri-cameras-dimensional reach Joubar to devices operating beam-mail Kalmnzar mail, in fact Joubar discussed doctoral its own message in the field of cathodic beam in 1927 and worked on the bulbs PDP (plasma)

Joubar Jewish left the religion of Nazi Germany in 1933 and was invited to Britain to work in the development department at the Houston company in the hope that the surgery, and Roekester, and during this period Negotiable Marjorie Poulter and married her in 1936, then became a British citizen in 1946 and in 1947 invented the three-imaging Aloied during his work in the Thompson Hurstn.oukd company has the experience of using the light of a mercury arc exiled very source However the first imaging Thelaathi dimensional released was in 1964 after the laser discovery of four years (laser is the first light source center and coherent) since then, photography has become Thelaathi dimensional Available commercially.

Joubar research has focused on the inputs and outputs of the electron, which led him to invent the re-stereoscopic imaging, but dimensions, the main idea is to capture excellent images of light is to use all the information available, not only the amount as in photography, but also Alathah and this way we can get a full picture dimensional, was published Hober scientific theories in restoring the three-dimensional imaging in a series of research from 1946 to 1951.

The Jobar research or in how to communicate and hearing in humans, and were the result of his research the cause of the exit analysis Jeranaler theory The Greek composer Lance Oksins claimed that he is invented this method, and was Joubar research in this area and areas related reason and basis for the development of temporal analysis and bandwidth.

In 1948 Joubar moved from Rugby to the Imperial College London and in 1958 became professor of physics until his retirement in 1967. He has spent most of his retirement in Italy however remained connected to a Royal College Fellow research has also become one of the great scientists in laboratories (CBS) in Singapore Konictictk, and Hnaktaaon with old friend and head coefficient (CBS) Dr. Goldmark in many means of communication and presentation.

One of wait states at the Royal College in his honor on his achievements and his contributions to this college I have called attention has social analysis and publication of the book mature society developed a vision of the future in 1972.

Hober has achieved remarkable success and global renown by the pursuit of rapid development in laser technologies and the spread of three-dimensional imaging uses (such as art, recording information and learn about the different forms), and won numerous awards next Jayzh Nobel.

.

Awards [edit]

Fellow of the Royal Society in 1956

Doctorate from the University of London in 1964

Honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1964

Sam Young Award and leading to his research in the field of optics 1967

Columbus Award from the International Institute of Communications, Genoa 1967

Rumford Medal of the Royal Society in 1968

Albert A. Michelson Medal of the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, 1968

An honorary doctorate from the University of Southampton in 1970

Nobel Prize in Physics for his invention and development of a system for three-dimensional imaging, 1971

An honorary doctorate from the Delft University of Technology in 1971.

Commander in the organization of the British Empire in 1971

Honorary doctorate from the Delft University of Technology in 1971

Holwak Prize of the French Society of Physics Snow 1972

It opened the London Royal College of Jobar Hall in his honor in 2009.

Awards named after him [edit]

The International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE) annually award fired on by Dennis Joubar name in recognition of his achievements were outstanding in the diffraction vector and Technology issued Khossa those who develop in the field of three-dimensional imaging applications of science measurements.

It also provides Foundation (NOVOFER) of the Hungarian Lokadimih of Sciences Global annual award in his name, called for young scientists and researchers in the field of applied physics and technology.

Joubar medal is awarded by the Royal Society in London acclaimed for excellence in the balance between social life and other disciplines.

Featuring insurance multiple characteristics of the contract, can be summarized in that: a consensual contract is by mutual consent of the contractors, and contract netting each receive a party on versus what gives him, he held a probabilistic in which each of the contractors or one of them does not know when concluded how much they take him or give him the contract, Vihdd the extent of its obligations or its utility in the future when there is not an investigator falling or unknown time winning; it is a binding contract for both sides, as both of them have committed to one another, and continues a decade playing time major the role so that the obligations arising him a frequent performances continue to fulfill the length of time, which is bonded a unique one of the contractors put the terms of the contract and determine its content so as not to be in front of the other contracting, if they wanted the contract, only to accept in advance the stomach conditions without having the right to be discussed; and also likely to be a contract of insurance contract commercial or civilians to stop the recipe limbs, a contract in good faith like that of all the legal contracts. [70]

A party to the contract [edit]

The insurance contract is a contract between the insurer and the insured, obliged under which the insurer has to pay compensation to the insured or beneficiary is the amount of money provided for in the contract of insurance, and the insurer shall abide in turn pay the premium all at once or at regular premiums, [71] and frequently Indeed, as evidenced by the insured person serves as the conclusion of the insurance contract, as well as the case of the insured. And mostly it is insured stock company, the insurer has taken another form, a cross or the Cooperative Insurance Society. It does not provoke the parties to determine the insurance contract in the case of mutual insurance cooperative or particularly difficult, as each member of the mutual insurance association or cooperative is a believer and a believer in him at the same time. As for the insurance companies, where the inseparable character insured for personal Insured, Valtaaked are originally from the insurance company as an insurer and among the clients who are insured. However, this contract is not usually directly between the insurance company and the customer, as it tends to mediate between them and intermediaries. [72] vary the power of a mediator depending on the image. The mediator may be authorized agents, which enjoys the broadest powers may enjoy insurance brokers, where it is to enter into the contract, and have to make any amendment to the contract to extend and terminate the contract, and has, if the contract was to be caught premiums and evens sums insured. Willie Commissioner agent in the delegate authority with a general power of attorney, and that the mediator to conclude an insurance contract with the insured according to the terms of the general insurance familiar without having modified both for the benefit of the insured or the insured. [73]

For an insurance company client practiced during his work.

It may be an insurance broker broker, which has a narrower authorities owned insurance brokers, which, and the extent to his authority varies depending on the circumstances, the authority to be the mediator is pointing the border, in this case does not have the authority to enter into an insurance contract with the insured, so its role is limited in this regard on the search for a client who contracted directly with the insurance company, and is this then hand over the insurance policy mechanism to deliver them in turn to the insured, for it is the broker in this case some limited powers in the field of implementation of the contract, Kqd premiums and compensation payable and the delivery of insurance policies and contract extension issued by the insurer, and deliver the data that the insured must be provided to the insured in the course of a decade. If the broker authority has identified clearly so that was limited to just searching for a believer to him, the mission determined that ends his role to perform this task, and the conclusion of the insurance contract between the insurer and the insured directly, but this is not binding in his personal capacity and not in his capacity as a guarantor for the payment of insurance amount , nor shall be responsible for the insurance company promised a Realtor from modifying general insurance conditions contained in the insurance policy or add these conditions. [74]

The other party to the insurance contract, which is insured, combines normally, particularly in the insurance of damages, the qualities of three things: First, it contracted with the insured party, and as such bear all the obligations arising from the insurance contract and the corresponding obligations of the insured, it is called as such « student insurance »some call« trustee ». Second, a person who threatened him insured risk, some call in relation to this trait Palmstomn, others call «insured», also called «insured» a label predominant in jurisprudence. A third person who caught the amount of insurance that the insurance company is committed to pay at the check danger, and as such called «the beneficiary». This party has been in the insurance contract - Insured - to contract with the other party - the insurer - directly as authentic. Has entered into the insurance contract a deputy of the insured, the MP may be an agent may also be curious (1) When the conditions Fadalah available. Terms Fadalah may not be available, however the person hold insurance on behalf of another without the agency, if approved third parties that take it from the insurance for him and his agent. [75]

As a Contracting recipes meeting and the insured and the beneficiary, as noted above, they may diverge on several people. It may be contracted or student insurance and insured one person and the beneficiary is someone else. This is very much in the case of life insurance when a person believes in his life for the sake of his children, for example, so that person is a student insurance because it is contracted with the insurance company, which is in the same insured time for him, because he believed his life was, and the beneficiary, which dates back to the amount of insurance understanding of his children. It may be contracted or student insurance and beneficiary of one person, and the insured someone else, and be, for example, in the event that the security of people's life City, where the contractor is the beneficiary of the insurance, and the debtor is the insured or the insured for his life. It also may be insured and beneficiary of one person, and be the contractor, any student insurance someone else. And it is so in the case of insurance for the account of proving him right in it, or in general insurance for the account of others. For example, a person who enters into insurance against liability for motor vehicle accidents account for any driver driving the owner of an SUV is the contractor, and the insured and the beneficiary is any driver driving the car. [76] Finally, it has dispersed the previous DETAILS three people as it is contracted, or student insurance, someone other than the insured and the beneficiary, and be insured contractor and the beneficiary is an independent person, and there is a beneficiary, who resigned from the insured and the contractor, for example, insurance concluded by a person on another life. [77]

Conclusion of the contract [edit]

The conclusion of the insurance contract in practice several stages characterized by the passing of this decade for other contracts. It is submitting a request from a student insurance to the insured. May need to decide on the application by the insured to the period has been lengthened until the latter decided and ordered him to accept the coverage of insurance risk to be him. This may be agreed to cover this risk a temporary cover over the period until the signing of the final document of insurance. And mostly that the insurance applicant does not seek himself a believer in his headquarters, but an insurance broker in his native sought to urge him to conclude the contract and the statement of the benefits of insurance and the type of insurance that suits him, if persuaded gave him a mediator model is printed to the request of the insurance by the insured before. Such a request typically includes a set of questions related to key elements of the contract to be concluded and private insurance required him to the danger and the circumstances surrounding this risk and the amount of insurance that the insurer undertakes to pay when you check this danger and the amount of the premiums payable and the dates of payment. The insurance demanded answers to those questions and sign the application and submit it to the mediator sends it to the insurer. No longer just answer the questions contained in the insurance application and sign this request and delivered as the previous one hand positively student insurance contract for his part. Also, the insurance company or its representative to deliver the request to the student insurance is not a positive one hand insured. Therefore, this request does not need to be any of the parties. On the one hand the insured can not say that just handed over the printed application to the student insurance means that it has issued a positive binding, it is this work but aims to obtain the necessary data through which stand on the danger to be insurance him and his circumstances and self-acceptance contract are aware of it, as as well as it can determine the straight-duty performance. Therefore, the insurer retains its ability to accept the request and rejected. If rejected the contract was not binding something about student insurance does not call for a statement on the reasons for this rejection. [78]

A life insurance policy for US President James twentieth گarfield.

In terms of student insurance, simply apply the insurance site it does not have to as well, whether it takes the image of the answers to the questions in printed form in knowing the insurer, or an image request edited by student insurance his knowledge on ordinary paper, so that the submission of such a request but is intended to, in terms of student insurance, know the terms of the contract, especially the premium that must be paid in exchange for insurance. Therefore, if the insurer's response to the request arrived not be binding on student insurance contract. [79] [80] However, the insurance request from the student insurance is positively For his part, if all the necessary guarantees for the basic elements of the insurance contract. If appointed to this demand set a time to accept the insured, the insurance applicant is committed to retain his proposal is not reversed in the deadline can be expressed by the insured of his control during this period. If he returned for his proposal during this period it does not affect the conclusion of the contract. And it achieved the same effect if you set a time not specified in the request whenever possible deduced from the circumstances of the case or of the nature of the transaction. If the request did not include set a time of admission could not be drawn this period of circumstances, is permissible for a student insurance back for his proposal as long as it is not accompanied by the acceptance insured. [81] may take to consider accepting the request of insurance and respond to it a long time, and that in the case of accepting the request insurance by the insured, the liberalization of the insurance policy and signed by the student insurance may take a long time, no doubt that student insurance is exposed during this period, or those at risk who wants to believe in himself of it leading to bear its consequences alone if during this period. Therefore, and for the desire to cover direct danger during the period prior to the contract permanently and arranged for its effects, student insurance is consistent with the insurer to cover temporary risk during that period. This is done through a temporary memorandum under which the insurer is committed to bear the risk when it occurs on terms to be agreed upon between the parties. [82]

Contract replaces [edit]

There are multiple elements to replace the insurance contract and all obligations arising out of it, and these elements are the risk premium and the insurer's performance and interest. [83]

DANGER: is a key element in the insurance contract, are intended insurance is to ensure that the insured from the results that may result if the risk target. [80] The danger is the basis of all insured accounts. [84] could risk defined as a possible accident to fall does not stop achieved by the sheer will of one of the contractors, and in particular the will of the insured.

Installment: it can be defined as a straight cash amount paid by the insured for the insured versus last held liable for insured him the danger. A premium is the price of safety, which gets it insured, [85] it as the price in the contract of sale and Kalojrh in the lease.

The performance of the believer is a place of commitment, a work that he has to do when you check the risk insured against. And place of this performance, which is usually in the amount of insurance, the premium corresponds to a performance that is committed to doing the insured replaced. [86]

Interest: interest in the intended benefit to the insured if the risk of non-insured him insurance.

Insurance in terms of shape [edit]

The division of insurance in terms of form is intended to be divided according to the authority or body which holds the insurance process. It is in this respect is divided into two types: secured a cooperative or interactively, and to secure a fixed premium.

Cooperative insurance or interactive: In this type with insurance are a group of people, linked to link interest and being at particular risk, the role of the insurer and the insured, in the framework of a cooperative grouping them, to compensate the damage to one of them, as a result if the risk insured it. And the amount of compensation to be paid from the total contributions that each member is committed to pay. Cooperative insurance is characterized by certain characteristics:

Meeting recipe insured and insured in every member of the Assembly at the same time. The sense that it does not exist in this type of insurance the insured pays a certain portion of the insured, but the same person serves as the insured and the insurer together and each of them pays a subscription, the total contributions to pay compensation to those who fall by the disaster, including.

The ability to participate paid by the insured to change, and not being a constant. So that the amount is paid by the user depending on the number of accidents that have already occurred during the year and how dangerous. [43] and the ability to participate may be absolute or relative. Change is be entertained at the start of cooperative insurance operations where the subscription value paid by all insured non-specific and depends on the number of accidents that befall the insured later and the extent of seriousness, may lead to increased participation times its original value in order to cover these incidents. However, the change in the amount of the contribution may be relatively so when you set a maximum limit for participation so that no more than the amount paid by the insurer to him after that for this maximum whatever the degree of damage. [44]

Solidarity among members, as members were cooperating mutual insurance association or cooperative in risk infecting someone or some coverage. That the extent of this solidarity depends on whether the difference in the value of participation at all, which is specified for a certain amount, or relatively speaking, no specific maximum common user does not prompt with more of it. [45]

Fixed annuity insurance: In this type of insurance is committed believer, an insurance company, to pay the insurance amount when the insured if the risk of it, compared to the fixed premiums paid by the insured. This makes it clear that the insured is not one person, and that the premium or performance that needs to be insured fixed, and the insurer is committed solely by the insured. Therefore, this type of insurance offers the following features: [46]

The separation of the insured for the insured, the insurance company, a believer, the role of mediator between the insured and combines them for use in premiums offset the damage that beset them.

Be a premium paid by the insured constant, meaning that it is determined by a certain amount since the conclusion of the contract. This is achieved by resorting to the insured statistics and technical studies to determine the rates and the type of disaster and the percentage achieved, and remains straight as well as for the duration of the contract. Insured shall be aware of what is committed to its performance since the conclusion of the contract.

The lack of solidarity between the insurer and the insured. The believer is obliged to pay him a straight-set from the start, and is committed believer alone to pay the insurance amount when the check danger. It does not depend only on himself in the performance of its obligations, and can not take any burden in this regard rests with the insured, whatever the size of the performances that stick out in the face of others, even if these performances exceeded the total premiums. And insured, any insurance company, in contrast, accounted for the gain derived from the devaluation of the total compensation for the premiums, so some people call this kind of indefinite commercial insurance. [47] [48]

Insurance in terms of subject [edit]

Insurance is divided on the merits, which is set to be several types, it is divided into marine insurance and the rivers and the air and ground, and to secure social insurance and insurance of persons and damage. [49]

Plane us airways flight 1549 after it landed in the Hudson River after colliding with a flock of Canadian geese. An example of weather risk that may be exposed to commercial aircraft and lead to cargo damage.

Maritime, river and air, land insurance: This division of the types of insurance on the basis of the nature of the risks insured ones. On this basis, the maritime insurance meant that type of insurance, which aims to cover the risk of maritime transport, both the risks that may cause the ship, such as drowning or fire, or the risks that threaten goods, such as damaged or sank. But marine insurance does not extend to the risks that may occur to persons who are on the ship, where the insurance on those entering the land insurance coverage. It follows marine insurance another image to secure a river insurance, covering this image transport risks in the water canals and rivers, this insurance is subject according to the majority opinion in the doctrine of the relevant provisions of the marine insurance. [50] [51] Air and insurance is insurance that covers air transport risk exposure her plane or its cargo of goods only, and is subject to this insurance as likely to land the provisions of insurance except as regulated by international treaties on it. The Wild insurance covers risks that do not fall under the previous species. [52]

Private insurance, social insurance: insurance means private insurance being done by the person to guard against the results of a given risk, an accident or threat thereof in the future. A person who does this insurance but seeks to achieve its own interest, the interest of any individual, [53] is to get the company to the safety of the insurance companies. In exchange for the interest of the individual solely insurance premiums. In this insurance that insurance companies are doing the latter goal will be to make a profit, this insurance is based on the technical and statistical foundations in order to achieve the goal of it. [53] It is characterized as an optional insurance, according to the original, although there have been cases where mandatory. The social insurance system is based on the achievement of general interest is the social risks to members of the working class and that may prevent them from direct their work, such as illness, disability, old age and unemployment coverage. This insurance responds to social considerations are based, in essence, the idea of ​​solidarity or social solidarity. [54] Therefore, the state contributes with business owners and workers to bear the burden of this insurance, any contributions. [53] social insurance compulsory insurance, is not optional for the worker or the employer, when conditions available. Then entering in this insurance comes from the law that determines the conditions of the conditions and effects of commitment and does not have any of the parties relationship amendment in it. [55] Thus, the legal regulation of the insurance differs from that subject has its own insurance. Private insurance is subject to the rule pacta sunt servanda and the principle of authority will, as part of jus cogens, while social insurance whatsoever, the legislator organized in all its aspects both in terms of the terms and conditions, or the beneficiaries, as the state holds control organization handles its affairs. [56]

Insurance damage: in this type of insurance is risk insured of it focused on money and not the insured person. This insurance is designed to compensate the insured for what might be incurred from the damage caused by the occurrence of the risk insured him, that is his recipe compensatory, and it is not permissible for compensation that exceeds the amount of damage that has already occurred, and provided that it is within the roof top of the limits of the agreed insurance upon between the insurer and the insured . In this type of insurance is the right of the insured to return to the state it was in before it insured risk occurs. [57] It is not permissible that this insurance is a source of enrichment of the insured. Divided this type of insurance turn into two main categories: insurance of things and liability insurance.

Destroyed houses by the hurricane in Illinois America. Homeowners insurance is against nature a kind of insurance on things factors.

Car damaged by a collision in Koپnhaگn accident. Car insurance against accidents is considered a form of liability insurance.

Insurance things: This type of insurance damages intended to compensate the insured for the loss suffered by one of his funds when the check insured him the danger. It is in this picture does not have the only two parties: the insurer and the insured, which is at the same time, the beneficiary of the insurance. And securing things encompasses a wide range of types of insurance, including: securing homes from fire risk and secure livestock from the risk of death and to secure money from the robbery and secure crop damage from frost or natural factors. And falls under this insurance also credit insurance, then the insurance even though it is closer to banking operations than to the insurance but it is insurance on things as well. [58] also included in the insurance objects investment insurance and who believes whereby the owner of investment capital against risk is held commercial that may follow. [59] and the thing insured may be certain precisely the time of contract, such as insurance on the equipment or goods are found in a particular store, and may be in situations other than a specific contract time, but it Negotiable set when you check the disaster. [60]

Numerous definitions of jurisprudence Insurance differed among themselves. This is due mainly to the insurance involves two aspects, the first legal side, and the other technician. It is focused on the scholars of the first aspect, highlighting the legal insurance tool, any contract of insurance, and some of them focused on the technical side of the lock on his legal expense. With an audience of scholars argue that the precise definition of insurance must be subjected to the legal and technical side, and only had a definition incomplete. Legal and insurance side is the relationship between the insurer and the insured, and arise from the insurance contract that binds them. This relationship assumes that there is a danger or an accident, feared the insured. The latter seeks to secure itself from this danger, or the incident, and that by contracting with the insurer. It is usually the insurance company. Which is committed to cover this risk when it occurs, in exchange for a certain premium obliged to pay the insured. [5] The technical insurance side, it forgave those individual relationship, and is the technical foundations on which it is based insurer to cover the risk. The insured when his coverage of insured him the danger does not accept it on the face of speculation, but insurance has become a gamble or bet process, [6] and was held illegally, but the insurance company contracted with a large number of insured them and charge them each a certain portion so that when you check the threat to one of them, the company compensated set the premiums charged by the rest of the insured. The company is when determining the premium to be paid to the insured using statistical laws, so that it can be determined accurately in a manner not offered to the loss or serious risk. Thus, while the insurance process based on the insurer cooperation for them to face the dangers they face, and the role of the insured management of this cooperation and organization, based on the technical principles and laws of statistics. [5] It is here it can be seen as taking a lot of definitions of jurisprudence Insurance.

Known French Faqih Marcel Ferdinand پlanyol insurance as «contract of a pledge whereby a person called the insurer to compensate someone else called the insured for the loss probability exposed to the latter, for a sum of money is the premium that the insured has to pay to the insured». [1] and went the side of the Egyptian jurisprudence in insurance defined as «held insured takes it upon himself to a certain range of hazards, Akdan feared they occur, and wants repository not be borne alone, as opposed to making the so-called premium or subscription paid by the insured». [7] has been taken on these two definitions and the like, to look at the insurance of the legal part, just as the contract is between two people, the insurer and the insured, and overlooked technically insurance technical underpinnings of the insurance process, and do not highlight the idea of ​​cooperation between the insured. Also taking on this definition also it is not inclusive definition, it evaluates insurance on the grounds that it leads to compensate the insured for the loss probability, this description is not true only of insurance damage, such as insurance against fire or theft. [5]

And wanted some scholars to define insurance combines technical and legal side, Frvoh that: «technical process carried on its mission regulatory bodies to collect the largest possible number of similar risks, and carry followed by clearing and according to the laws of statistics, it is appropriate that for the insured or his designee, if the check risk insured of it, the financial compensation paid by the insurer in exchange for the first fulfillment of installments agreed in the insurance policy ». [8] and taking on this definition, it is interested in highlighting the technical side of the idea more than his interest in the legal aspect of this idea of ​​insurance, and also took him shortages in some brevity. [9] In an attempt to highlight both sides of insurance, technical and legal, on an equal footing, turn some scholars of the French to establish a legal definition of insurance, followed by the technical definition of this process. Where these scholars believe that the legal definition of insurance contract becomes meaningless unless he completes the definition of a technical process insurance. In this light, I knew Fiqihh Aaڤon Lambert Vaڤr insurance as follows: [10]

The legal definition: the insurance contract under which the insured gets a pledge believer specific performance achieved in the case of danger, in exchange for a certain amount called the premium or subscription.

Technical Definition: Insurance is the process by which the insured shall organize cooperation between a number of the insured are exposed to certain risks, and compensates for the risk come true for him, including thanks to the joint balance of the premiums collected by them.

The definition of the latter credited with highlighting both sides of the insurance process and put it on the same level of importance, without giving priority to one over the other. Nevertheless, it is taken by the separation between the two sides in the definitions of independent insurance in a manner that might suggest it comes to two things separate, with the fact that otherwise, are intended to define insurance, a single process, although there were many aspects. Therefore preferred audience of scholars develop a single definition of insurance flanked at the same time the legal and technical Bjanabih. Therefore it has prevailed in the French Fiqh definition of the jurist Joseph Himar Insurance, where he defined as: «a process in which one of the parties gets, which is insured, peer premium paid by a pledge of the other party which is insured, specific performance when the check agreed by the other party risk, which is insured , whereby the latter pledged to pay a certain performance, so that the insured takes it upon himself to a range of risks, including being the clearing according to the laws of statistics ». [2] and supports the majority of the scholars with the Latin countries the legal system (French) of this definition.